Sigmoidally hydrochromic molecular porous crystal with rotatable dendrons

Vapochromic behaviour of porous crystals is beneficial for facile and rapid detection of gaseous molecules without electricity. Toward this end, tailored molecular designs have been established for metal-organic, covalent-bonded and hydrogen-bonded frameworks. Here, we explore the hydrochromic chemistry of a van der Waals (VDW) porous crystal. The VDW porous crystalVPC-1is formed from a novel aromatic dendrimer having a dibenzophenazine core and multibranched carbazole dendrons. Although the constituent molecules are connected via VDW forces,VPC-1maintains its structural integrity even after desolvation.VPC-1exhibits reversible colour changes upon uptake/release of water molecules due to the charge transfer character of the constituent dendrimer. Detailed structural analyses reveal that the outermost carbazole units alone are mobile in the crystal and twist simultaneously in response to water vapour. Thermodynamic analysis suggests that the sigmoidal water sorption is induced by the affinity alternation of the pore surface from hydrophobic to hydrophilic. Water in the atmosphere can be indicated by vapochromic systems, especially where electrical detection cannot be used. Here, the authors explore the hydrochromic behaviour of a van der Waals porous crystal with a dibenzophenazine core and multibranched carbazole dendrons, finding that the outermost carbazole units alone are mobile in the crystal upon water adsorption.